Industrial action in the building and construction industry, except for certain defined exceptions, is unlawful. Persons or organisations engaging in such action are liable to be prosecuted.
What is building industrial action?
Building industrial action by employees includes strikes, work stoppages, bans and other restrictions on the performance of work. Building industrial action by employers is locking out employees.
What is unlawful industrial action?
Unlawful industrial action is defined as building industrial action that is 'industrially-motivated’, ‘constitutionally-connected’ and not ‘excluded action’.
What is ‘industrially-motivated’ building action?
‘Industrially-motivated’ action is industrial action motivated by one of the following purposes:
- supporting or advancing claims against, or by, an employer in respect of the employment of employees of that employer
- advancing industrial objectives of an industrial association
- disrupting the performance of work.
What is ‘constitutionally-connected’ action?
‘Constitutionally-connected’ action is building industrial action that satisfies at least one of the following conditions, namely that the action:
- is taken by an organisation such as a union
- is taken by a constitutional corporation, or adversely affects a constitutional corporation as a building industry participant
- is taken in connection with an industrial disputed related to work that is regulated by a Commonwealth industrial instrument
- relates to negotiation, proposed negotiation, or making or proposed making of a collective agreement
- occurs in a Territory or Commonwealth place.
What is ‘excluded’ industrial action?
‘Excluded’ industrial action is action that is protected under the Workplace Relations Act 1996. Industrial action protected under state and territory laws is NOT excluded. It should be noted that there are strict limitations as to what is ‘excluded’ industrial action. Employers and employees should seek advice or they may expose themselves to financial penalties.
Some exemptions apply to action that is not protected, but is still lawful. If the action is authorised by an employer in writing before it takes place or the action was based on a reasonable concern of an imminent risk to health and safety, it is considered lawful.
What about picketing and blockading?
Picketing or blockading is not regarded as building industrial action. However, failure to observe proper standards of conduct when taking such action could expose a person to penalties under other laws.
What are the penalties for taking unlawful industrial action?
If action is unlawful industrial action, the ABC Commissioner, an ABCC inspector or a person affected by the contravention may respond by:
- applying to a court for orders that participants pay
o penalties of up to $110,000 for a body corporate or $22,000 for an individual
o compensation for damage resulting from the unlawful industrial action
- applying for an injunction against the action.
What’s the difference between protected and unlawful industrial action?
Essentially, a party taking protected action is immune from the normal legal consequences of industrial action (except if it results in personal injury, wilful or reckless damage to property, theft or unlawful use of property).
If industrial action is protected, the other party may respond by:
- taking industrial action of its own
- applying to the Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC) to have the bargaining period suspended or terminated
- applying to the AIRC for assistance with conciliation.
For more information relating to payments during periods of unlawful industrial action, please refer to the ABCC’s Strike Pay fact sheet.
You can download a printable version of this fact sheet here: Unlawful Industrial Action in the Building and Construction Industry (PDF - 156KB)
The information contained in this fact sheet is correct as at 26 February 2008.
This material is for general information only. You should seek legal advice in relation to your particular circumstances. The Australian Government, its employees and agents do not accept any liability for action taken in reliance on this document and disclaim all liability arising from any error or omission. ABN 68 003 725 098
V1.00